Crowding

The current version of IWalkways does not work with crowding. In the future, I would like to include this as one of the criteria for walkway design. The following are some notes I was making before beginning to work on this tool.

What are the effects of crowding on people?

How does it affect traffic rate?

When are there too many people on a walk before they start to use the grass?

Fruin (1971) looks like a promising resource to answer these questions

Probability of Conflicts from Fruin:

Square Feet Area/Pedestrian

Conflict Probability

0.0

1.00

12.5

1.00

17.5

0.65

22.5

0.60

27.0

0.50

32.0

0.50

37.0

0.04

42.5

0.02

Level-of-service descriptions for walkways:

Level of Service

Average Area Occupency

Average Flow Volume

A

>=35

0-7

B

25-25

7-10

C

15-25

10-15

D

10-15

15-20

E

5-10

20-25

F

<=5

up to 25


IWalkways