Publications

Dr. Chiang and his co-workers have published more than 200 refereed papers, including 100 journal papers and book chapters, that appear in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, and others. He has written about 55 research reports.

Direct Methods for Power System Stability Analysis

[1] H. D. Chiang, F. F. Wu and P. P. Varaya, "Foundations of direct methods for power system transient stability analysis" IEEE Trans. on Circuit and Systems, vol. CAS-34, n.2, Feb 1987.

[2] H. D. Chiang, F. F. Wu and P. P. Varaya, "Foundations of potential energy boundary surface for power system transient stability analysis" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, CAS-35, 6, pp. 712-728, 1988

[3] H. D. Chiang, C. C. Chu and G. Cauley, "Direct stability analysis of electric power systems using energy functions: Theory, applications and perspectives" Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 38, n. 11, pp. 1497-1529, Nov 1995.

[4] Y. Susuki, T. Hikihara and H. D. Chiang, "Stability boundaries analysis of electric power system with dc transmission based on differential-algebraic equation system" IEICE Trans. on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, vol. E87-A, n.9, pp. 2339-2346, Sep 2004.

[5] H.D. Chiang, "Analytical results on the direct methods for power system transient stability analysis,"Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory and Application, Vol. 43, pp. 275-334, Academic Press, New York, 1991.

[6] H. D. Chiang and J. S. Thorp, "The closest unstable equilibrium point method for power system dynamic security assessment" IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, vol. 36, n. 9, Sep 1989.

[7] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Power System Stability"(a Book Chapter), In: Webster J.G. (Ed.) Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, New Yory, pp. 104-137, 1999.

[8] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Yasuyuki Tada and Hua Li, "Power System On-line Transient Stability Assessment" (a Book Chapter), Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2007.

[9] Chia-Chi Chu and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Constructing analytical energy functions for lossless network-reduction power system models: Framework and new developments" Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing, 18, pp. 1-16, 1999.

[10] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Study of the existence of energy functions for power systems with losses" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 36, 11, pp. 1423-1429, 1989.

[11] Zou, Y., Yin, M., and Chiang, H-D., "Theoretical Foundation of Controlling UEP Method for Direct Transient Stability Analysis of Network-Preserving Power System Models" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 50, 2003.

BCU Methods and G-BCU Methods for On-Lines Power Network Security

U.S. Patent 5,483,462; "On-line Method for Determining Power System Transient Stability" Date of Patent, Jan. 9, 1996 (Inventor: Hsiao-Dong Chiang)

U.S. Patent 5,719,787; "Method for On-Line Dynamic Contingency Screening of Electric Power Systems" Date of Patent, Feb. 17, 1998 (Inventors: Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Cheng-Shan Wang)

U.S. Patent 6,868,311; "Method and System for On-line Dynamical Screening of Electric Power System" Date of Patent, Mar. 15, 2005 (Inventors: Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Atsushi Kurita, Hiroshi Okamoto, Ryuya Tanabe, Yasuyuki Tada, Kaoru Koyanagi, and Yicheng Zhou)

Pub. No. US 2006/0190227; "Group-Based BCU Methods for On-Line Dynamical Security Assessments and Energy Margin Calculations of Practical Power Systems" Pub. Date, Aug. 24, 2006 (Inventors: Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Hua Li, Yasuyuki Tada, Tsuyoshi Takazawa, Takeshi Yamada, Atsushi Kurit, and Kaoru Koyanagi)

[1] H. D. Chiang, "The BCU Method for Direct Stability Analysis of Electric Power Systems: Theory and Applications" in System Control Theory for Power Systems, vol.64 of IMA Volumes in Mathematics and Its Applications, Springer-Verlag, pp.39-94, 1995.

[2] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Felix F. Wu, and Pravin P. Varaiya, "BCU method for direct analysis of power system transient stability" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 9, 3, pp. 1194-1208, 1994

[3] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Chia-Chi Chu, "Theoretical foundation of the BCU method for direct stability analysis of network-reduction power system models with small transfer conductances" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 12, pp. 252-265, 1995

[4] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Cheng-Shan Wang and Hua Li, "Development of BCU classifiers for on-line dynamic contingency screening of electric power systems" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 14, pp. 660-666, 1999.

[5] Hsiao-Dong Chiang and A.K. Subramanian, "BCU Dynamic Security Assessor for Practical Power System Models" IEEE PES Summer Meeting, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, pp.287-293, July 18-22, 1999.

[6] H.D. Chiang, H. Li, Zheng Yan, "BCU Classifiers for On-Line Dynamic Contingency Screening of Electrical Power Systems", Preprints of Int. Conf. on Power System Technology, Beijing, China, Aug.1998.

[7] Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Cheng-Shan Wang, (Invited paper) "Toward On-Line Dynamic Contingency Screening of Electric Power Systems Using BCU Method'', V Symposium of Specialists in Electric Operational and Expansion Planning, V SEPOPE, RECIFE 1006, May 19-24, 1996.

[8] Jianzhong Tong, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Timothy P. Conneen, "Sensitivity-based BCU method for fast derivation of stability limits in electric power systems" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 8, 4, pp. 1418-1428, 1993

[9] Tsuyoshi Takazawa, Y. Tada, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Hua Li, "Development of parallel TEPCO-BCU and BCU Screening Classifiers for On-line Dynamic Security Assessment" The 16th Conference of the Electric power Supply Industry, Mumbai, India, Nov. 6-11, 2006

[10] Yasuyuki Tada, Atsushi Kurita, Yicheng Zhou, Kaoru Koyanagi, Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Yan Zheng, "BCU-guided Time-Domain Method for Energy Margin Calculation to Improve BCU-DSA System" IEEE/PES T&D Conference and Exhibition 2002, Yokohama, Japan, pp.366-371, October 6-10 2002.

[11] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Yasuyuki Tada, Hiroshi Okamoto, Yicheng Zhou, Kaoru Koyanagi, "A BCU-guided Time-Domain Method for Energy Margin Calculation of Practical Power Systems" 14th Power Systems Computation Conference, Sevilla, Spain, June 24-28 2002.

[12] Yasuyuki Tada, Atsushi Kurita, Kaoru Koyanagi, Akira Taguchi and H.D.Chiang, "Development of BCU-based Dynamic Security Assessment System for Practical Power Systems", International Conference on Power Systems, Shanghai, China, Oct. 2004

Stability Regions of Nonlinear Systems

[1] H. D. Chiang, M. W. Hirsch and F. F. Wu, "Stability region of nonlinear autonomous dynamical systems" IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control, vol. 33, n. 1, pp. 16-27, Jan 1988

[2] H. D. Chiang and J. S. Thorp, "Stability regions of nonlinear dynamical systems: a constructive methodology" IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 1229-1241, Dec. 1989.

[3] H. D. Chiang and L. Fekih-ahmed, "Qausi-stability regions of nonlinear dynamical systems: Optimal Estimation" IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 43, n.82, pp. 636-642, August 1996.

[4] H. D. Chiang and L. Fekih-ahmed, "Qausi-stability regions of nonlinear dynamical systems:Theory" IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 43, n.82, pp. 627-635, August 1996.

[5] J. Lee and H. D. Chiang, "Theory of stability regions for a class of nonhyperbolic dynamical systems and its application to constraint satisfaction problem" IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 49, n. 2, pp. 196-209, Feb 2002.

[6] Jaewook Lee, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "singular fixed-point homotopy method to locate the closest unstable equilibrium point for transient stability region estimate" IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.-II: Express Briefs, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 185-189, 2004. 105.

[7] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Lazhar Fekih-Ahmed, "Constructive methodology for estimating the stability regions of interconnected nonlinear systems" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 37, 5, May, pp. 577-588, 1990

Trust-Tech Methodologies for Global optimizations

U.S. Patent 7,277,832; "Dynamical Method for obtaining Global Optimal Solution of General Nonlinear Programming Problems" Date of Patent, Oct. 2, 2007 (Inventor: Hsiao-Dong Chiang)

U.S. Patent 7,050,953; "Dynamical Methods for Solving Large-Scale Discrete and Continuous Optimization Problems" Date of Patent, May 23, 2006 (Inventors: Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Hua Li)

[1] Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Jaewook Lee, "A Dynamical Trajectory-based Hybrid Method for Computing High-quality Optimal Solutions: Method and Theory" (A Chapter of the IEEE Press Book) Modern Heuristic Optimization Techniques : Theory and application to Power Systems, IEEE Press Book, 2007.

[2] Jaewook Lee and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "A dynamical trajectory-based methodology for systematically computing multiple optimal solutions of general nonlinear programming problems" IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control (Regular paper), Vol. 49, Issue 6, pp. 888-899, June 2004

[3] Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Chia-Chi Chu, "Systematic search method for obtaining multiple local optimal solutions of nonlinear programming problems" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 13, pp. 99-109, 1996.

[4] J. Lee and H. D. Chiang, "Theory of stability regions for a class of nonhyperbolic dynamical systems and its application to constraint satisfaction problem" IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 49, n. 2, pp. 196-209, Feb 2002.

[5] Chandan K. Reddy and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "A Stability Boundary based method for Finding Saddle Points on Potential Energy Surface" Journal of Computational Biology, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 745-766, 2006.

Applications of Trust-Tech Methodologies

[1] Chandan K. Reddy and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Stability Region based Methods for Learning and Discovery" Cornell University Technical Report, TR2006-2068, January 2007. [pdf]

[2] Chandan K. Reddy, Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Bala Rajaratnam,"TRUST-TECH based Expectation Maximization for Learning Finite Mixture Models" IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, November 2007.[pdf]

[3] Chandan K. Reddy, Yao-Chung Weng and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Refining Motifs by improving Information Content Scores using Neighborhood Profile Search" (Invited paper) BMC Algorithms for Molecular Biology, Vol. 1, No. 23, November 2006.[pdf]

[4] Chandan K. Reddy and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "A Stability Boundary based Method for Finding Saddle Points on Potential Energy Surfaces" Journal of Computational Biology, Vol. 13, No.3, pp. 745-766, April 2006.[pdf]

Voltage Instability in Power Systems

U.S. Patent 5,642,000; "Method for Preventing Power Collapse in Electric Power Systems" Date of Patent, June 24, 1997 (Inventors: Rene Jean-Jumeau and Hsiao-Dong Chiang)

U.S. Patent 5,796,628; Taiwan Patent 083962; "Dynamic Method for Preventing Voltage Collapse in Power Systems" Date of patent, August 18, 1998 (Inventors: Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Cheng-Shan Wang)

[1] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Power System Stability"(a Book Chapter), In: Webster J.G. (Ed.) Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999, pp. 104-137.

[2] Ian Dobson, and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Towards a theory of voltage collapse in electric power systems" Systems & Control Letters, 13, 3, pp. 253-262, Sep, 1989

[3] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Application of Bifurcation Analysis to Power Systems" (a chapter of the book) Chaos and Bifurcation Control: Theory and Applications, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. USA, pp. 1-28, 2003.

[4] Jinquan Zhao, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Hua Li "Enhanced Look-Ahead Load Margin Estimation for Voltage Collapse Assessment" International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 26, 2004. 431-438

[5] .H.D. Chiang, A.J. Flueck, K.S. Shah and N. Balu,"quot列PFLOW: A Practical Tool for Tracing Power System Steady-State Stationary Behavior Due to Load and Generation Variations,'' IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 10, No. 2, May 1995, pp. 623-634.

[6] Chiang H.D., Jean-Jumeau R. Toward a practical performance index for predicting voltage collapse in electric power system. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 10 1995, pp.584-592

[7] Chiang H.D., Wang C.S., Flueck A.J. Look-ahead voltage and load margin contingency selection functions for large-scale power systems. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 12, 1997, pp. 173-180

[8] Alexander J. Flueck, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Kirit S. Shah, "Investigating the installed real power transfer capability of a large scale power system under a proposed multiarea interchange schedule using CPFLOW" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 11, pp. 883-889, 1996

[9] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Ian Dobson, Robert J. Thomas, James S. Thorp, and Lazhar Fekih-Ahmed, "On voltage collapse in electric power systems" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 5, 2, pp. 601-611, May, 1990

Nonlinear Computations

[1] Jaewook Lee and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Constructive homotopy methods for finding all or multiple dc operating points of nonlinear circuits and systems" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 48, pp. 35-50, 2001

[2] Jaewook Lee and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Convergent regions of the Newton homotopy method for nonlinear systems: theory and computational applications" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 48, pp. 51-66, 2001.

[3] Alexander J Flueck and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Solving the nonlinear power flow equations with an inexact Newton method using GMRES" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 13, pp. 267-273, 1998.

[4] Matthew Varghese, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and James S. Thorp, "Computer algorithms in power systems. From constructive methods to truncated fractals" IEEE Transactions on Education, 36, 1, pp. 36-41, Feb, 1993

Nonlinear Behaviors in Power Systems

[1] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jianzhong Tong, and Karen Nan Miu, "Predicting unstable modes in power systems: theory and computations" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 8, 4, pp. 1429-1437, 1993

[2] Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Hua Li, "On-Line ATC Evaluation for Large-Scale Power Systems: Framework and Challenges", (a Chapter of the book) Applied Mathematics for Deregulated Electric Power System: Optimization, Control and Computational Intelligence, Edited by Joe H. Chow, Felix F. Wu and James A. Momoh, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. USA , 2004

[3] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Power System Stability"(a Book Chapter), In: Webster J.G. (Ed.) Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, New Yory, pp. 104-137, 1999.

[4] Chiang, H. D., Liu, C. W., Varaiya, P. P., Wu, F. F., Lauby, M. G. (1993) Chaos in a simple power system. IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 8:1407-1417

[5] Chiang, H. D., Conneen, T. P., Flueck, A. J. (1994) Bifurcations and chaos in electric power systems: Numerical studies. J. Franklin Institute, 331B:1001-103

[6] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Application of Bifurcation Analysis to Power Systems" (a chapter of the book) Chaos and Bifurcation Control: Theory and Applications, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. USA, pp. 1-28, 2003.

Distribution Network Analysis

[1] Karen Nan Miu and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Electric distribution system load capability: problem formulation, solution algorithm, and numerical results" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 15, pp. 436-442, 2000.

[2] Karen Nan Miu and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Existence, uniqueness, and monotonic properties of the feasible power flow solution for radial three-phase distribution networks" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 47, pp. 1502-1514, 2000.

[3] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jin-Cheng Wang and Karen Nan Miu, "Explicit loss formula, voltage formula and current flow formula for large-scale unbalanced distribution systems" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 12, pp. 1061-1067,1997

[4] Y. Fukuyama, Y. Nakanishi and H.D. Chiang, "Fast Distribution Power Flow Using Multi-Processors'', International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp.331-337, 1996.

[5] Ray D. Zimmerman, and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Fast decoupled power flow for unbalanced radial distribution systems" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 10, pp. 2045-2052, 1995

[6] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Decoupled load flow method for distribution power networks. Algorithms, analysis and convergence study" International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 13, 3, pp. 130-138, 1991.

[7] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Mesut E. Baran, "On the existence and uniqueness of load flow solution for radial distribution power networks" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 37, 3, pp. 410-416, 1990

Distribution System Optimization and Control

U.S. Patent 5,734,586; "System for Achieving Optimal Steady State in Power Distribution Networks" Date of Patent, Mar. 31, 1998 (Inventors: Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Jin-Cheng Wang)

[1] Karen Nan Miu, Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Gary Darling, "Capacitor placement, replacement and control in large-scale distribution systems by a GA-based two-stage algorithm" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 12, pp. 1160-1166, 1997

[2] Karen Nan Miu, Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Russell J. McNulty, "Multi-tier service restoration through network reconfiguration and capacitor control for large-scale radial distribution networks" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 15, pp.1001-1007, 2000.

[3] Karen Nan Miu, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Bentao Yuan and Gary Darling "Fast service restoration for large-scale distribution systems with priority customers and constraints" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 13, pp. 789-795, 1999.

[4] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Karen Nan Miu and Gary Darling, "Capacitor placement and real time control in large-scale unbalanced distribution systems: Numerical studies" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 12, pp. 959-964, 1997

[5] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Karen Nan Miu, and Gary Darling, "Capacitor placement and real time control in large-scale unbalanced distribution systems: Loss reduction formula, problem formulation, solution methodology and mathematical justification" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 12, pp. 953-958, 1997

[6] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Karen Nan Miu, and Gary Darling, "Capacitor placement and real time control in large-scale unbalanced distribution systems: Numerical studies" Proceedings of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conference, pp. 242-247, 1996.

[7] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang and Gary R. Darling, "Real Time Network Reconfiguration in Large Scale Unbalanced Distribution Systems Under Diverse System Conditions'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 11, Number 1, Jan. 1996, pp. 511-517.

[8] Y. Fukuyama, H.D. Chiang and K. Miu, "Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Service Restoration in electric power distribution systems'', International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp.111-119, 1996.

[9] Y. Fukuyama and H.D. Chiang, ``A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Generation Expansions'', IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 11, Number 2, May 1996, pp. 955-961.

[10] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jin-Cheng Wang, Jianzhong Tong, and Gary Darling, "Optimal capacitor placement, replacement and control in large-scale unbalanced distribution systems: system solution algorithms and numerical studies" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 10, pp. 363-369, 1995

[11] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jin-Cheng Wang, Jianzhong Tong, and Gary Darling, "Optimal capacitor placement, replacement and control in large-scale unbalanced distribution systems: system modeling and a new formulation" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 10, pp. 356-362, 1995

[12] Ronnie F. Chu, Jin-Cheng Wang, and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Strategic planning of LC compensators in nonsinusoidal distribution systems" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 9, 3, pp. 1558-1563, 1994

[13] Gary Boone, and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "Optimal capacitor placement in distribution systems by genetic algorithm" International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy System, 15, 3, pp. 155-162, 1993

[14] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jin-Cheng Wang, Orville Cockings, and Hyoun-Duck Shin, "Optimal capacitor placements in distribution systems - I: A new formulation and the overall problem" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 5, 2, pp. 634-642, 1990

[15] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Rene Jean-Jumeau, "Optimal network reconfigurations in distribution systems: Part 2 - Solution algorithms and numerical results" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 5, 3, pp. 1568-1574, 1990

[16] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jin-Cheng Wang, Orville Cockings, and Hyoun-Duck Shin, "Optimal capacitor placements in distribution systems - II: Solution algorithms and numerical results" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 5, 2, pp. 643-649, 1990

[17] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Rene Jean-Jumeau, "Optimal network reconfigurations in distribution systems--I: A new formulation and a solution methodology" IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 5, 4, pp. 1902-1909, 1990

Measurement-Based Modeling

[1] Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Jin-Cheng Wang, Chiang-Tsung Huang, Yung-Tien Chen, Chang-Horng Huang, "Development of a dynamic ZIP-motor load model from on-line field measurements" International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy System, 19, pp. 459-468, 1997

[2] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Chiang-Tsung Huang, Yung-Tung Chen, Chung-Liang Chang, and Chiung-Yi Huang, "Identification of excitation system models based on on-line digital measurements" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 10, pp. 1286-1293, 1995

[3] Chiang-Tsung Huang, Yung-Tien Chen, Chung-Liang Chang, Chiung-Yi Huang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Jin-Cheng Wang, "On-line measurement-based model parameter estimation for synchronous generators: model development & identification schemes" IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 9, 2, pp. 330-336, 1994.

[4] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Chung-Liang Chang, Ah-Hsing Liu, Chang-Horng Huang, and Chiung-Yi Huang, "Development of a frequency-dependent composite load model using the measurement approach" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 9, 3, pp. 1546-1556, 1994

[5] Jin-Cheng Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, Chiang-Tsung Huang, Yung-Tien Chen, Chung-Liang Chang, and Chiew-Yann Chiou, "On-line measurement-based model parameter estimation for synchronous generators: solution algorithm and numerical studies" IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 9, 2, pp. 337-343, 1994

[6] Haijun Liu, David Yu and Hsiao-Dong Chiang, "A heuristic meter placement method for load estimation" IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 17, 3, pp. 913-917, August 2002.

[7] Li, Y.; Chiang, H.-D.; Choi, B.-K.; Chen, Y.-T.; Huang, D.-H.; Lauby, M.G.; "Representative static load models for transient stability analysis: development and examination,"IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 1, 3, pp. 422-431, 2007.

[8] Choi, B.-K.; Chiang, H.-D.; Li, Y.; Li, H.; Chen, Y.-T.; Huang, D.-H.; Lauby, M.G. "Measurement-based dynamic load models: derivation, comparison, and validation,"IEEE Trans. Power. Syst. 21, 3 pp. 1276-1283, 2006.